Contents
LiHV batteries deliver 4.35V per cell maximum voltage, contributing to their higher energy density . Traditional LiPo batteries reach only 4.2V per cell. This voltage difference creates immediate performance gains for FPV drones – higher thrust and faster speeds.
Battery energy density tests show clear advantages for LiHV technology. A LiHV battery measured 558mAh at just 29.3g while a comparable LiPo battery provided only 525mAh at 30.2g, showcasing its higher capacity . Drone pilots gain potential flight time improvements without weight penalties.
LiHV batteries demonstrate superior discharge characteristics with reduced voltage sag under load, offering several advantages for performance. This advantage appears most significant during the first half of discharge cycles. Additionally, LiHV batteries generally show lower internal resistance compared to LiPo batteries, which contributes to their ability to deliver consistent power under high loads. The performance benefits come with measurable trade-offs. After 100 charge cycles, LiHV batteries lost about 5.4% of their original capacity, while LiPo batteries lost only 3.8%.
This guide examines complete lipo battery voltage charts, maximum and minimum voltage limits, and practical flight time comparisons. We’ll help determine which battery type delivers optimal performance for your specific drone application. Every flight requires balancing raw performance against long-term reliability – understanding these key differences enables informed equipment choices.
Section 1: Which Battery Type Suits Your Drone Best?
Image Source: Oscar Liang, showcasing lithium polymer technology.
Battery selection directly impacts drone performance, particularly when choosing high performance batteries . Different aircraft require specific power profiles that certain battery chemistries handle more effectively.
Section 1.1 Micro Drones
LiHV batteries provide distinct advantages for tiny whoops and micro drones. Small aircraft gain immediate performance boost from the extra voltage. LiHV has become standard for 1S tiny whoops and 2S toothpicks, where higher voltage (4.35V vs 4.2V per cell) creates noticeable performance difference.
Micro drones experience instant thrust improvement and better responsiveness with LiHV batteries. This power boost proves crucial for small aircraft where every performance increment matters, resulting in better performance overall . Pilots consistently report moderate overall quadcopter performance improvements in micro-sized builds.
LiHV batteries deliver more initial power with more abrupt voltage drop during discharge. For short, intense flights typical of micro drones, this initial power burst offers exactly what pilots need during the charging process .
Section 1.2 Freestyle and Racing
Traditional LiPo batteries remain preferred for freestyle and racing applications, unlike normal batteries which may not meet the required performance . Most 5-inch FPV drones utilize 4S or 6S LiPo batteries, with 6S becoming industry standard in 2025.
LiPo’s consistent discharge pattern proves ideal for high-intensity flying styles. Unlike LiHV’s sudden voltage drop, LiPo maintains predictable power curve throughout flight. This reliability becomes essential for precise maneuvers and maintaining race speed.
4S 5-inch drones typically use 1500mAh capacity, while 6S drones operate between 1000mAh and 1300mAh. These capacities balance weight and flight time for performance-focused pilots at the same weight .
Section 1.3 Long-Range Flights
Energy density becomes primary consideration for extended flights. Li-ion batteries store approximately double the capacity of LiPo batteries at similar weights due to their different chemical composition . A 4S 18650 3400mAh Li-ion battery weighs 200g, nearly identical to a 4S 1600mAh LiPo.
Li-ion batteries excel in energy-per-weight ratio, making them optimal for long-range missions where efficiency outweighs raw power. These batteries potentially double flight times compared to equivalent LiPo packs.
The compromise appears in discharge rate – Li-ion typically offers lower C-rating than LiPo, reducing suitability for aggressive flying. However, they excel in cruising and relaxed flight patterns typical in long-range operations. For a deeper understanding of different battery technologies and their applications, consider this comparison of NMC vs LCO Battery.
Pilots seeking maximum energy density for extended missions with moderate current requirements find lithium batteries offer superior performance despite higher initial cost.
Please leave your request! Contact Large Power for custom lithium high voltage battery solutions tailored to your specific drone application.
Section 2: Voltage and Energy Density Comparison
LiPo and LiHV battery specifications reveal fundamental performance differences. Standard LiPo cells operate at 3.7V nominal voltage and reach maximum 4.2V per cell. LiHV cells feature higher 3.8V nominal voltage and charge up to 4.35V per cell, which is the primary difference compared to LiPo cells . This 0.15V difference multiplies in multi-cell configurations.
Complete battery voltage chart:
| Battery Type | Nominal Voltage | Full Charge | Min Safe Voltage |
|---|---|---|---|
| LiPo (1S) | 3.7V | 4.2V | 3.0V |
| LiHV (1S) | 3.8V | 4.35V | 3.0V |
| LiPo (4S) | 14.8V | 16.8V | 12.0V |
| LiHV (4S) | 15.2V | 17.4V | 12.0V |
Both battery types must remain above 3.0V per cell to prevent permanent damage.
Energy density measurements show LiHV superiority. Practical testing confirms this advantage – GNB 2S 550mAh 90C LiPo weighed 30.2g and delivered 525mAh capacity. Comparable GNB 2S 550mAh 100C LiHV weighed only 29.3g yet provided 558mAh. This represents 6% more energy at reduced weight.
LiHV batteries deliver more total energy (watt-hours) at identical capacity ratings due to higher operating voltages. Two batteries with identical mAh ratings provide different flight times.
Higher voltage directly impacts motor performance – motor RPM increases proportionally with input voltage. This creates cascading performance benefits:
- More immediate power
- Increased thrust
- Potentially faster speeds
- Overall performance gains of 8-10%
This additional power improves throttle response and handling characteristics. However, LiHV batteries exhibit greater voltage variation during discharge cycles, potentially affecting flight consistency and increasing the risk of catching fire .
Large Power provides custom battery solutions tailored to specific drone requirements. Contact us for expert voltage configuration selection.
Section 3: Charging and Storage Guidelines
Image Source: FPV Freedom Coalition
Proper charging habits ensure maximum battery longevity. Correct voltage parameters prevent premature battery failure and optimize performance.
Section 3.1: LiPo Voltage Chart: Safe Charging Ranges
Standard LiPo batteries require strict voltage limit observation. Each cell must never exceed 4.2V during charging. Exceeding this threshold activates protective circuitry and risks cell damage when using a lipo charger. When charging different types of lithium batteries, such as LiFePO4, it’s important to follow essential safety tips to ensure longevity and performance. A 3S LiPo pack should reach exactly 12.6V when fully charged.
Battery voltage chart:
| Battery State | Per Cell | 3S Pack | 4S Pack |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fully Charged | 4.2V | 12.6V | 16.8V |
| Storage | 3.8-3.85V | 11.4-11.55V | 15.2-15.4V |
| Min Safe | 3.0V | 9.0V | 12.0V |
Most experts recommend charging at 1C (equal to battery capacity in Ah). A 1500mAh battery should charge at 1.5A.
Section 3.2: LiHV Charging Requirements and Compatible Chargers
LiHV batteries demand specialized charging equipment. These packs safely reach 4.35V per cell, requiring chargers specifically designed for higher voltage limits. Several modern smart chargers support both LiPo and LiHV modes.
Never charge standard LiPo batteries using LiHV settings. This overcharging leads to swelling, fire hazards, or permanent damage.
Charging LiHV batteries with standard LiPo settings (4.2V per cell) utilizes only 90% of their capacity. For optimal performance, dedicated LiHV-compatible chargers deliver best results.
Section 3.3: Storage Best Practices: 3.8V Rule
Long-term battery health depends on proper storage voltage. The consensus among experts: maintain LiPo and LiHV batteries at 3.8-3.85V per cell when not in use. At this voltage, batteries have approximately 40-50% charge remaining – their most stable state.
When not using batteries for more than two weeks:
- Charge or discharge to storage voltage (3.8V per cell)
- Store in a fireproof container
- Maintain room temperature conditions
This 3.8V rule applies equally to both LiHV and standard LiPo cells.
For custom battery solutions tailored to your specific drone requirements, contact Large Power for expert advice on proper charging and storage practices.
Section 4: Flight Time vs Battery Health Trade-off
Battery voltage impact on flight duration involves complex relationships beyond simple specifications. Flight performance versus battery longevity creates critical decisions for drone pilots.
Section 4.1: Higher Voltage = Longer Flight?
Higher voltage doesn’t automatically create longer flight times. An 8.4V battery might produce 5.04 watts compared to 7.2V battery’s 4.32 watts, yet flight duration formulas remain complex.
Motors draw current proportionally to voltage – higher voltage increases amperage consumption. A motor running on higher voltage typically draws more current, potentially shortening flight duration. The key relationship centers on total power consumption relative to battery capacity.
Maximum flight time with higher voltage batteries requires:
- Smaller diameter or lower pitch propellers
- Reduced throttle settings
- Motors with lower KV ratings
Section 4.2: Degradation Rate: LiHV vs LiPo After 100 Cycles
LiHV batteries degrade faster than standard LiPo batteries. Testing shows LiHV batteries lost approximately 5.4% original capacity after 100 cycles, while LiPo batteries lost only 3.8%.
| Battery Type | Capacity Loss After 100 Cycles | Expected Lifespan |
|---|---|---|
| LiPo | 3.8% | 200-300 cycles |
| LiHV | 5.4% | 30-40 cycles before swelling |
This accelerated degradation stems from higher stress on LiHV cells at full voltage potential.
Section 4.3: Undercharging LiHV: Does It Extend Life?
Pilots sometimes undercharge LiHV batteries to 4.2V per cell instead of full 4.35V. This practice extends battery lifespan at the cost of performance. Undercharging utilizes about 90% of LiHV potential capacity while significantly increasing service life.
Conservative charging approaches suggest 4.31V per cell for LiHV batteries. This provides most performance advantages while reducing degradation. Smaller voltage changes during charge/discharge cycles extend lithium battery lifespan.
Contact Large Power for expert guidance on drone battery configuration and custom battery pack solutions.
Section 5: Cost, Compatibility, and Safety Factors
Image Source: Oscar Liang
Cost, compatibility and safety considerations impact battery selection beyond technical performance metrics. Each factor presents practical implications for drone pilots.
Section 5.1: Price Comparison: LiHV vs LiPo
LiHV batteries command a premium price point compared to standard LiPo options. Advanced features and improved performance characteristics drive these higher costs. Budget-conscious beginners find standard LiPo batteries offer more economical entry points.
Price differences multiply when building multiple battery sets for extended flying sessions. LiHV batteries’ faster degradation rate further increases lifetime ownership costs compared to LiPo alternatives.
Section 5.2: Charger and ESC Compatibility
LiHV batteries work with most equipment designed for LiPo batteries – a key backward compatibility advantage. Full performance potential requires dedicated charging equipment.
Specialized chargers capable of delivering 4.35V per cell are essential for LiHV batteries. Standard LiPo chargers cause LiHV undercharging, while LiHV settings applied to LiPo batteries create dangerous overcharging situations.
ESC compatibility demands careful attention. Many ESCs feature auto-detection calibrated for standard 4.2V/cell LiPo batteries. Fully-charged LiHV packs (4.35V/cell) can trigger incorrect cell count identification, causing premature cutoff. Programming software adjustments become necessary for reliable operation.
Section 5.3: Safety Tips for Charging and Discharging
Safety remains paramount regardless of battery chemistry:
- Always use fireproof containers during charging
- Never leave charging batteries unattended
- Store batteries at 40-50% charge (approximately 3.8V per cell)
- Keep batteries away from extreme temperatures and direct sunlight
- Inspect batteries regularly for damage, swelling, or punctures
- Never charge damaged, swollen, or punctured batteries
Contact Large Power for custom battery pack solutions optimized for your specific drone requirements.
Section 6: Comparison Table
LiHV vs LiPo Battery Comparison
| Characteristic | LiHV | LiPo |
|---|---|---|
| Nominal Voltage (per cell) | 3.8V | 3.7V |
| Maximum Charge Voltage (per cell) | 4.35V | 4.2V |
| Minimum Safe Voltage (per cell) | 3.0V | 3.0V |
| Energy Density Example | 558mAh at 29.3g | 525mAh at 30.2g |
| Capacity Loss (after 100 cycles) | 5.4% | 3.8% |
| Voltage Sag Characteristics | Lower voltage sag under load | More consistent discharge pattern |
| Best Application | Micro drones, tiny whoops | Freestyle and racing drones |
| Storage Voltage | 3.8-3.85V per cell | 3.8-3.85V per cell |
| Special Charger Required | Yes | No |
| Relative Cost | Higher | Lower |
| Discharge Pattern | More abrupt voltage drop | More predictable power curve |
Conclusion
This comparison reveals crucial differences between LiHV and LiPo batteries for drone applications, and you can also explore Li-ion vs LiPo batteries for drones, which lasts longer. Each battery type offers distinct advantages based on specific flying needs.
For custom battery pack solutions and expert guidance selecting optimal battery configurations for your specific needs, contact Large Power.
FAQs
Q1. What are the key differences between LiHV and LiPo batteries for drones?
LiHV batteries have a higher voltage (4.35V vs 4.2V per cell) and better energy density than LiPo batteries. They provide more initial power but degrade faster, losing about 5.4% capacity after 100 cycles compared to 3.8% for LiPo. LiHV batteries are ideal for micro drones, while LiPo batteries are preferred for freestyle and racing drones due to their more consistent discharge.
Q2. How do charging practices differ for LiHV and LiPo batteries?
LiHV batteries require specialized chargers capable of reaching 4.35V per cell, while LiPo batteries can be charged to 4.2V per cell with standard chargers. It’s crucial never to charge LiPo batteries using LiHV settings, as this can lead to dangerous overcharging. Both types should be stored at 3.8-3.85V per cell for optimal longevity.
Q3. Does higher voltage always mean longer flight time?
Not necessarily. While higher voltage can provide more power, it doesn’t directly translate to longer flight times. Motors draw more current at higher voltages, potentially resulting in faster power consumption. For maximum flight time with higher voltage batteries, consider using smaller propellers, flying at reduced throttle, or using lower KV motors.
Q4. Are LiHV batteries compatible with all drone equipment?
LiHV batteries are generally backward compatible with equipment designed for LiPo batteries. However, to utilize their full potential, dedicated LiHV chargers are necessary. Some ESCs may need adjustment to properly detect LiHV battery voltage and avoid premature cutoff.
Q5. How do costs compare between LiHV and LiPo batteries?
LiHV batteries typically come at a premium price compared to LiPo batteries due to their advanced features and improved performance. When considering long-term costs, factor in that LiHV batteries tend to degrade faster than LiPos, potentially requiring more frequent replacement.
